Procedures are performed on the fetus with the intent to give it the optimal in utero milieu to develop and grow. The indications are Rhesus incompatibility, multifetal pregnancy and oligohydramnios.

Rhesus incompatibility - The fetus is severely handicapped due to a mismatch in the blood groups of the mother and the fetus. A suitable blood type is injected under ultrasound guidance into the fetal peritoneal cavity or into the umbilical circulation of the fetus.

Multifetal pregnancy - where there is a space constraint in the uterus for normal growth of the fetuses. Selective reduction is undertaken to leave behind only two fetuses. This is performed in the first trimester of pregnancy. Selective reduction is also an option for selectively terminating a fetus with a genetic defect.

Oligohydramnios - The amount of fluid in the amniotic cavity is decreased to the extent that the intrauterine environment becomes unfavorable to the fetus. Normal saline is instilled into the uterine cavity transabdominally.